氫能專題
美國通用紀如新:燃料電池與鋰電池將並存下去
2026-04-23 01:15:51
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網易汽車7月17日報道 2010中國(長春)guojiqicheluntanjizhongguoqichegongchengxuehuinianhuishang,xinnengyuanyuranliaoqichedefenluntangewaizhumu。zaiquanqiudouzaiqiangzhanxinnengyuanshichangdeshihou,cheqiduiyuxinnengyuandexingshiyeyouzijidekanfa。yitongyongweili,jinguanzengjingdetongyonggaocengrenweihunhedonglibuzhuanqian,danxianzaitongyongyiranzaihunhedonglichexingshangzuochulegengdadetouru。
erduiyuchengbengenggaoderanliaoqichehediandongche,tongyongxuanzetongshikaifang。danjiujingranliaoqichehediandongcheshuigengshiheweilaixinnengyuandefazhan,meiguotongyongqichegongsidianhuaxuenengyuanyanfabugaojigongchengshijichunxinboshizaijieshouwangyiqichezhuanfangshibiaoshi,ranliaodianchihediandongchehuiyiyizhonggongcundezhuangtaicunzaixialai。
以下為訪談實錄(節選)
燃料型轎車與鋰電池將並存
網易汽車:對於普通消費者來說,選擇燃料電池轎車肯定還會有一些顧慮?您怎麼看待這個問題?
紀如新:你所說的顧慮是燃料電池、是儲氫還是電堆本身的安全問題?
網易汽車:有些消費者不了解,認為氫的安全性不高?
紀如新:這(zhe)可(ke)能(neng)很(hen)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)一(yi)些(xie)氫(qing)氣(qi)球(qiu)事(shi)件(jian)有(you)關(guan)。我(wo)們(men)在(zai)上(shang)個(ge)世(shi)紀(ji)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)熱(re)氣(qi)球(qiu)的(de)事(shi)件(jian),很(hen)多(duo)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)那(na)次(ci)的(de)燃(ran)燒(shao)是(shi)由(you)氫(qing)引(yin)起(qi)的(de),實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)是(shi)完(wan)全(quan)錯(cuo)誤(wu)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)。因(yin)為(wei)氫(qing)的(de)燃(ran)燒(shao)是(shi)沒(mei)有(you)顏(yan)色(se)的(de),是(shi)看(kan)不(bu)見(jian)的(de)。那(na)次(ci)災(zai)難(nan)是(shi)由(you)於(yu)一(yi)個(ge)鋁(lv)薄(bo)膜(mo)鍍(du)在(zai)氣(qi)球(qiu)上(shang)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de),那(na)是(shi)曆(li)史(shi)性(xing)的(de)錯(cuo)誤(wu),把(ba)氫(qing)搞(gao)得(de)好(hao)像(xiang)很(hen)危(wei)險(xian)。
實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)氫(qing)氣(qi)跟(gen)汽(qi)油(you)比(bi)起(qi)來(lai)它(ta)比(bi)汽(qi)油(you)要(yao)安(an)全(quan)得(de)多(duo),為(wei)什(shen)麼(me)?氫(qing)氣(qi)是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)最(zui)輕(qing)的(de)元(yuan)素(su),一(yi)旦(dan)漏(lou)氣(qi)的(de)話(hua),馬(ma)上(shang)就(jiu)跑(pao)到(dao)天(tian)上(shang)去(qu)了(le),而(er)汽(qi)油(you)呢(ne)?如(ru)果(guo)加(jia)油(you)站(zhan)一(yi)旦(dan)漏(lou)了(le)氣(qi)的(de)話(hua),汽(qi)油(you)會(hui)在(zai)你(ni)的(de)腿(tui)部(bu)停(ting)留(liu),一(yi)旦(dan)你(ni)抽(chou)根(gen)煙(yan)就(jiu)會(hui)爆(bao)炸(zha)。
還(hai)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)就(jiu)是(shi)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)和(he)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)哪(na)一(yi)個(ge)更(geng)安(an)全(quan)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),因(yin)為(wei)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)能(neng)量(liang)完(wan)全(quan)儲(chu)存(cun)在(zai)電(dian)堆(dui)裏(li)麵(mian),一(yi)旦(dan)出(chu)現(xian)問(wen)題(ti),電(dian)池(chi)的(de)安(an)全(quan)係(xi)數(shu)要(yao)低(di)一(yi)些(xie)。而(er)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)供(gong)氣(qi)跟(gen)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)電(dian)堆(dui)兩(liang)個(ge)是(shi)分(fen)開(kai)的(de),中(zhong)間(jian)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)閥(fa)門(men)控(kong)製(zhi)它(ta),所(suo)以(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)我(wo)個(ge)人(ren)來(lai)說(shuo),我(wo)認(ren)為(wei)可(ke)能(neng)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)比(bi)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)安(an)全(quan)係(xi)數(shu)相(xiang)對(dui)要(yao)高(gao)一(yi)些(xie)。
網易汽車:您的意思是不是覺得其實從未來的發展來說,燃料電池的轎車比電動汽車的市場更大一些?
紀如新:zhegegainianbudui,lidianchiheranliaodianchi,tamenyoubutongdeyingyongfanwei,yingyongdelichengshuhefuzailiangdoubutong。meizhongnengyuandouyoutazuishihedeyingyong,bingbushishuoyizhongnengyuanyaoqudaisuoyoudegongneng,zhegeshizuobudaode。
網易汽車:現在通用在這方麵主要是以哪種技術為主?
紀如新:womentongyongdelidianchiheranliaodianchidouzaizuo,danshimuqianyouyudianwangyijingfeichangpujile,suoyichongdianshideqichehuihenkuaijinrudajiadejiatinglimianqu,dagaizainiandideshihouwomenjiuhuiyouyigekeyanchengshidelidianchiqicheshangshi,danzhebingbuyiweizheqingdonglijiubuzaiwomendekaolvfanweizhinei。yinweimeigejishudefazhanyibandoushi10年到15niandezhouqi,baokuotouzirenhejishudechanchu,suoyimuqianlidianchikenenghuijinkuaidedaoyonghushoulimianqu,danshisuizheshijiandetuiyi,ranliaodianchiyehuizhujiandeganshanglai。
網易汽車:不知道您了不了解我們中國之前出台了新能源補貼的政策。
紀如新:我知道,因為我一直在負責中國的事情,所以我每年都回來好多次。
網易汽車:我wo們men現xian在zai把ba大da部bu分fen的de補bu貼tie都dou放fang在zai電dian動dong車che這zhe裏li了le,相xiang反fan混hun合he動dong力li車che會hui少shao一yi點dian,您nin覺jiao得de這zhe個ge政zheng策ce有you沒mei有you一yi個ge偏pian差cha?因yin為wei目mu前qian來lai說shuo電dian動dong車che在zai中zhong國guo市shi場chang連lian一yi個ge充chong電dian樁zhuang都dou沒mei有you,即ji便bian我wo們men生sheng產chan出chu來lai電dian動dong汽qi車che也ye賣mai不bu出chu去qu,你ni怎zen麼me看kan這zhe個ge問wen題ti?
紀如新:這個補貼,我覺得你要考慮到車的造價的問題,它是根據車的造價、chengben,qiyedechengshounenglibazhegebutieshedingjutiduoshaoqian。wobuxiangyongpianchazhegecier,gengzhuyaodeshiduimeiyizhongche,qiyenenggouchengshoudechengbenshiduoshao。guojiabixuyaoguliqiyezuoyixiexinchedekaifa,zhezhongkaifabixuyaozaiqiyenenggouchengshoudefanweizhinei,erzhongguohaishiyigeguojiaqiye,ruguoguojiabuqubangzhuzhexieqichedekaifashangyanjiuzhezhonggaoduanjishu,bugeidaxingdebutie,woxiangmeiyouyijiagongsihuizuozheyangdeyanjiu,zhegewojiaodebushiyigepiancha,shichangyuantouzigenjinqitouzideguanxi。hunhedonglishixiangduibutieyaoshaoyixie,danshitadechengbenyaobichundiandongdechengbendihenduo。
混合動力盈利要在突破技術的前提上
網易汽車:通用在混合動力這方麵已經做得比較出色了,能不能給我們介紹一下一些最新的技術?
紀如新:tongyongdehunhedongliwomenjiaodeweiyideyihanjiushi,shijishanghunhedonglidelinianzuoweitongyongshizaibajiniandeshihouzuizaotichulaide,danshidangshiwomendejuececengkaolvdaonengbunengzhengqiandewenti,jieguobazhegelinianjiufangxiale。ranhouwomenbazhegehexinjishuzhuanranggeilefengtian,suoyishuoniruguodaowomendeditelvkanwomendeqichebowuguan,womendiyilianghunhedonglichegenfengtiandepuruisishiyimoyiyangde,waixingdoushiyiyangde,tazhenggedejitiliuliangdeshejidouyiyang,danshiyinweidangshiwomendejuecezherenwei,womenzhezhongcheshizhengbudaoqiande,suoyibazhegefangxiale,muqianwomenyezaigan,henduodifangyezaizengjiahunhedonglideche,baokuozhongxingheyixiegaodangchelimiandouzaizengjiayixiehunhedonglile。
網易汽車:您認為從混合動力到普及電動汽車的時間大概需要多少?
紀如新:這zhe個ge我wo說shuo也ye是shi瞎xia說shuo,我wo是shi覺jiao得de這zhe裏li麵mian有you幾ji個ge因yin素su,一yi個ge是shi汽qi油you的de價jia格ge什shen麼me時shi候hou超chao出chu了le人ren們men的de承cheng受shou程cheng度du,還hai有you公gong眾zhong對dui這zhe種zhong混hun合he動dong力li的de接jie受shou程cheng度du,包bao括kuo對dui純chun電dian動dong的de期qi望wang值zhi。消xiao費fei者zhe是shi最zui終zhong的de裁cai判pan員yuan,他ta們men關guan心xin的de不bu光guang是shi減jian排pai的de問wen題ti,性xing價jia比bi、舒適程度也很重要,這個時間我們可以預測,但是我想就像論壇第一天的時候很多國內企業的老總說的那樣,意義不大。
網易汽車:ninganggangtidaozaozaibajiniandeshihoutongyongdegaocengjiaodezuohunhedonglibuzhuanqian,haoxiangxianzaidetongyonggaocenghaishizhemerenwei,jiaodehunhedonglizuochulaijiubushiweileyinglide。
紀如新:zhezhongguandianyebudui,zhezhuyaohaishiyigeyoujiadewenti,jiushichengbendewenti。henduoshihouhaishikaolvzhengfubutie,suoyiwomenweishenmechuleyikuanxinchejiaokeyanchengshidechundiandongqi,jiushixuefolandeVolt,zhekuanchedelinianjiujiejuelezhegewenti,yinweitazhiyouyitaoqudongxitongma,meiyoujixiele,quanbushidiande,dianqudongbijixiejiandandeduo,yincizhekuanchewomenxiangxinhuizhengqiande。
網易汽車:這款車的成本大概是多少?
紀如新:這個我不好說,但是我知道目前的售價定在3萬到4萬美元之間。
網易汽車:你覺得這款車是可以掙錢的?
紀如新:對dui,因yin為wei它ta整zheng個ge的de設she計ji上shang都dou對dui前qian期qi的de研yan發fa,包bao括kuo技ji術shu的de後hou期qi都dou已yi經jing做zuo了le很hen充chong分fen的de考kao慮lv,最zui關guan鍵jian的de我wo覺jiao得de這zhe是shi一yi套tao傳chuan動dong係xi統tong。普pu瑞rui斯si是shi兩liang套tao傳chuan動dong係xi統tong,這zhe裏li麵mian成cheng本ben馬ma上shang就jiu上shang來lai了le。
網易汽車:您認為燃料轎車跟電動汽車相比,在未來短期之內誰更占主流一點?
紀如新:因為電網已經非常普及了,鋰電池會盡快的進入公眾的使用之中去,並且它也很適合這種小型的、短程的汽車,燃料電池本身適合長程,所以他們會以一種共存的狀態存在下來。
