氫能專題
美國通用紀如新:燃料電池與鋰電池將並存下去
2026-04-11 15:08:04
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網易汽車7月17日報道 2010中國(長春)guojiqicheluntanjizhongguoqichegongchengxuehuinianhuishang,xinnengyuanyuranliaoqichedefenluntangewaizhumu。zaiquanqiudouzaiqiangzhanxinnengyuanshichangdeshihou,cheqiduiyuxinnengyuandexingshiyeyouzijidekanfa。yitongyongweili,jinguanzengjingdetongyonggaocengrenweihunhedonglibuzhuanqian,danxianzaitongyongyiranzaihunhedonglichexingshangzuochulegengdadetouru。
而er對dui於yu成cheng本ben更geng高gao的de燃ran料liao汽qi車che和he電dian動dong車che,通tong用yong選xuan擇ze同tong時shi開kai放fang。但dan究jiu竟jing燃ran料liao汽qi車che和he電dian動dong車che誰shui更geng適shi合he未wei來lai新xin能neng源yuan的de發fa展zhan,美mei國guo通tong用yong汽qi車che公gong司si電dian化hua學xue能neng源yuan研yan發fa部bu高gao級ji工gong程cheng師shi紀ji純chun新xin博bo士shi在zai接jie受shou網wang易yi汽qi車che專zhuan訪fang時shi表biao示shi,燃ran料liao電dian池chi和he電dian動dong車che會hui以yi一yi種zhong共gong存cun的de狀zhuang態tai存cun在zai下xia來lai。
以下為訪談實錄(節選)
燃料型轎車與鋰電池將並存
網易汽車:對於普通消費者來說,選擇燃料電池轎車肯定還會有一些顧慮?您怎麼看待這個問題?
紀如新:你所說的顧慮是燃料電池、是儲氫還是電堆本身的安全問題?
網易汽車:有些消費者不了解,認為氫的安全性不高?
紀如新:zhekenenghenshijieshangfashengdeyixieqingqiqiushijianyouguan。womenzaishanggeshijiyouyigereqiqiudeshijian,henduorenrenweinacideranshaoshiyouqingyinqide,shijishangshiwanquancuowudegainian。yinweiqingderanshaoshimeiyouyansede,shikanbujiande。nacizainanshiyouyuyigelvbomoduzaiqiqiushangchanshengde,nashilishixingdecuowu,baqinggaodehaoxianghenweixian。
實shi際ji上shang氫qing氣qi跟gen汽qi油you比bi起qi來lai它ta比bi汽qi油you要yao安an全quan得de多duo,為wei什shen麼me?氫qing氣qi是shi世shi界jie上shang最zui輕qing的de元yuan素su,一yi旦dan漏lou氣qi的de話hua,馬ma上shang就jiu跑pao到dao天tian上shang去qu了le,而er汽qi油you呢ne?如ru果guo加jia油you站zhan一yi旦dan漏lou了le氣qi的de話hua,汽qi油you會hui在zai你ni的de腿tui部bu停ting留liu,一yi旦dan你ni抽chou根gen煙yan就jiu會hui爆bao炸zha。
haiyouyigewentijiushilidianchiheranliaodianchinayigegenganquandewenti,yinweilidianchibenshendenengliangwanquanchucunzaidianduilimian,yidanchuxianwenti,dianchideanquanxishuyaodiyixie。erranliaodianchibenshendegongqigengongzuodedianduilianggeshifenkaide,zhongjianyouyixiefamenkongzhita,suoyizuoweiwogerenlaishuo,worenweikenengranliaodianchibilidianchideanquanxishuxiangduiyaogaoyixie。
網易汽車:您的意思是不是覺得其實從未來的發展來說,燃料電池的轎車比電動汽車的市場更大一些?
紀如新:這zhe個ge概gai念nian不bu對dui,鋰li電dian池chi和he燃ran料liao電dian池chi,他ta們men有you不bu同tong的de應ying用yong範fan圍wei,應ying用yong的de裏li程cheng數shu和he負fu載zai量liang都dou不bu同tong。每mei種zhong能neng源yuan都dou有you它ta最zui適shi合he的de應ying用yong,並bing不bu是shi說shuo一yi種zhong能neng源yuan要yao取qu代dai所suo有you的de功gong能neng,這zhe個ge是shi做zuo不bu到dao的de。
網易汽車:現在通用在這方麵主要是以哪種技術為主?
紀如新:womentongyongdelidianchiheranliaodianchidouzaizuo,danshimuqianyouyudianwangyijingfeichangpujile,suoyichongdianshideqichehuihenkuaijinrudajiadejiatinglimianqu,dagaizainiandideshihouwomenjiuhuiyouyigekeyanchengshidelidianchiqicheshangshi,danzhebingbuyiweizheqingdonglijiubuzaiwomendekaolvfanweizhinei。yinweimeigejishudefazhanyibandoushi10年到15年nian的de周zhou期qi,包bao括kuo投tou資zi人ren和he技ji術shu的de產chan出chu,所suo以yi目mu前qian鋰li電dian池chi可ke能neng會hui盡jin快kuai的de到dao用yong戶hu手shou裏li麵mian去qu,但dan是shi隨sui著zhe時shi間jian的de推tui移yi,燃ran料liao電dian池chi也ye會hui逐zhu漸jian的de趕gan上shang來lai。
網易汽車:不知道您了不了解我們中國之前出台了新能源補貼的政策。
紀如新:我知道,因為我一直在負責中國的事情,所以我每年都回來好多次。
網易汽車:womenxianzaibadabufendebutiedoufangzaidiandongchezhelile,xiangfanhunhedonglichehuishaoyidian,ninjiaodezhegezhengceyoumeiyouyigepiancha?yinweimuqianlaishuodiandongchezaizhongguoshichanglianyigechongdianzhuangdoumeiyou,jibianwomenshengchanchulaidiandongqicheyemaibuchuqu,nizenmekanzhegewenti?
紀如新:這個補貼,我覺得你要考慮到車的造價的問題,它是根據車的造價、chengben,qiyedechengshounenglibazhegebutieshedingjutiduoshaoqian。wobuxiangyongpianchazhegecier,gengzhuyaodeshiduimeiyizhongche,qiyenenggouchengshoudechengbenshiduoshao。guojiabixuyaoguliqiyezuoyixiexinchedekaifa,zhezhongkaifabixuyaozaiqiyenenggouchengshoudefanweizhinei,erzhongguohaishiyigeguojiaqiye,ruguoguojiabuqubangzhuzhexieqichedekaifashangyanjiuzhezhonggaoduanjishu,bugeidaxingdebutie,woxiangmeiyouyijiagongsihuizuozheyangdeyanjiu,zhegewojiaodebushiyigepiancha,shichangyuantouzigenjinqitouzideguanxi。hunhedonglishixiangduibutieyaoshaoyixie,danshitadechengbenyaobichundiandongdechengbendihenduo。
混合動力盈利要在突破技術的前提上
網易汽車:通用在混合動力這方麵已經做得比較出色了,能不能給我們介紹一下一些最新的技術?
紀如新:通(tong)用(yong)的(de)混(hun)合(he)動(dong)力(li)我(wo)們(men)覺(jiao)得(de)唯(wei)一(yi)的(de)遺(yi)憾(han)就(jiu)是(shi),實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)混(hun)合(he)動(dong)力(li)的(de)理(li)念(nian)作(zuo)為(wei)通(tong)用(yong)是(shi)在(zai)八(ba)幾(ji)年(nian)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)最(zui)早(zao)提(ti)出(chu)來(lai)的(de),但(dan)是(shi)當(dang)時(shi)我(wo)們(men)的(de)決(jue)策(ce)層(ceng)考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)能(neng)不(bu)能(neng)掙(zheng)錢(qian)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),結(jie)果(guo)把(ba)這(zhe)個(ge)理(li)念(nian)就(jiu)放(fang)下(xia)了(le)。然(ran)後(hou)我(wo)們(men)把(ba)這(zhe)個(ge)核(he)心(xin)技(ji)術(shu)轉(zhuan)讓(rang)給(gei)了(le)豐(feng)田(tian),所(suo)以(yi)說(shuo)你(ni)如(ru)果(guo)到(dao)我(wo)們(men)的(de)底(di)特(te)律(lv)看(kan)我(wo)們(men)的(de)汽(qi)車(che)博(bo)物(wu)館(guan),我(wo)們(men)第(di)一(yi)輛(liang)混(hun)合(he)動(dong)力(li)車(che)跟(gen)豐(feng)田(tian)的(de)普(pu)瑞(rui)斯(si)是(shi)一(yi)模(mo)一(yi)樣(yang)的(de),外(wai)型(xing)都(dou)是(shi)一(yi)樣(yang)的(de),它(ta)整(zheng)個(ge)的(de)機(ji)體(ti)流(liu)量(liang)的(de)設(she)計(ji)都(dou)一(yi)樣(yang),但(dan)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)當(dang)時(shi)我(wo)們(men)的(de)決(jue)策(ce)者(zhe)認(ren)為(wei),我(wo)們(men)這(zhe)種(zhong)車(che)是(shi)掙(zheng)不(bu)到(dao)錢(qian)的(de),所(suo)以(yi)把(ba)這(zhe)個(ge)放(fang)下(xia)了(le),目(mu)前(qian)我(wo)們(men)也(ye)在(zai)趕(gan),很(hen)多(duo)地(di)方(fang)也(ye)在(zai)增(zeng)加(jia)混(hun)合(he)動(dong)力(li)的(de)車(che),包(bao)括(kuo)中(zhong)型(xing)和(he)一(yi)些(xie)高(gao)檔(dang)車(che)裏(li)麵(mian)都(dou)在(zai)增(zeng)加(jia)一(yi)些(xie)混(hun)合(he)動(dong)力(li)了(le)。
網易汽車:您認為從混合動力到普及電動汽車的時間大概需要多少?
紀如新:這zhe個ge我wo說shuo也ye是shi瞎xia說shuo,我wo是shi覺jiao得de這zhe裏li麵mian有you幾ji個ge因yin素su,一yi個ge是shi汽qi油you的de價jia格ge什shen麼me時shi候hou超chao出chu了le人ren們men的de承cheng受shou程cheng度du,還hai有you公gong眾zhong對dui這zhe種zhong混hun合he動dong力li的de接jie受shou程cheng度du,包bao括kuo對dui純chun電dian動dong的de期qi望wang值zhi。消xiao費fei者zhe是shi最zui終zhong的de裁cai判pan員yuan,他ta們men關guan心xin的de不bu光guang是shi減jian排pai的de問wen題ti,性xing價jia比bi、舒適程度也很重要,這個時間我們可以預測,但是我想就像論壇第一天的時候很多國內企業的老總說的那樣,意義不大。
網易汽車:ninganggangtidaozaozaibajiniandeshihoutongyongdegaocengjiaodezuohunhedonglibuzhuanqian,haoxiangxianzaidetongyonggaocenghaishizhemerenwei,jiaodehunhedonglizuochulaijiubushiweileyinglide。
紀如新:zhezhongguandianyebudui,zhezhuyaohaishiyigeyoujiadewenti,jiushichengbendewenti。henduoshihouhaishikaolvzhengfubutie,suoyiwomenweishenmechuleyikuanxinchejiaokeyanchengshidechundiandongqi,jiushixuefolandeVolt,zhekuanchedelinianjiujiejuelezhegewenti,yinweitazhiyouyitaoqudongxitongma,meiyoujixiele,quanbushidiande,dianqudongbijixiejiandandeduo,yincizhekuanchewomenxiangxinhuizhengqiande。
網易汽車:這款車的成本大概是多少?
紀如新:這個我不好說,但是我知道目前的售價定在3萬到4萬美元之間。
網易汽車:你覺得這款車是可以掙錢的?
紀如新:對dui,因yin為wei它ta整zheng個ge的de設she計ji上shang都dou對dui前qian期qi的de研yan發fa,包bao括kuo技ji術shu的de後hou期qi都dou已yi經jing做zuo了le很hen充chong分fen的de考kao慮lv,最zui關guan鍵jian的de我wo覺jiao得de這zhe是shi一yi套tao傳chuan動dong係xi統tong。普pu瑞rui斯si是shi兩liang套tao傳chuan動dong係xi統tong,這zhe裏li麵mian成cheng本ben馬ma上shang就jiu上shang來lai了le。
網易汽車:您認為燃料轎車跟電動汽車相比,在未來短期之內誰更占主流一點?
紀如新:因為電網已經非常普及了,鋰電池會盡快的進入公眾的使用之中去,並且它也很適合這種小型的、短程的汽車,燃料電池本身適合長程,所以他們會以一種共存的狀態存在下來。
