2026-04-11 11:48:16
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為減少燃料電池汽車輸出功率變化速率和載荷的波動,減緩動態過程導致的燃料電池的衰減,現在燃料電池汽車多采用二次電池、超級電容等儲能裝置與燃料電池構建電-電混合動力係統的模式。電-dianhunhedonglizhuyaoyouyixiajizhongdonglixitongnengliangchuandigongkuang。jijujiasuzhuangtaixia,duiyingyufengzhigonglvzhiling,ranliaodianchixitongyufengzhidianyuanliangzhedouxiangdiandongjiqudongzhuangzhigonggeiqianyingonglv;在製動狀態下,電動機運行於發電機狀態,將部分製動能量變換為電能,並儲存在峰值電源中;當負載功率小於燃料電池係統的額定功率時,峰值電源也能從燃料電池係統補充、恢複其能量。

燃料電池汽車運行工況能量傳遞示意圖
燃料電池運行工況模式
1)停頓模式:燃料電池係統和峰值電源都不向驅動係統供給功率,燃料電池係統可運行在空載狀態;
2)製動模式:燃料電池係統運行在空載狀態,而峰值電源依據製動係統運行特性吸收再生製動能量;
3)牽引模式:牽引模式總共有三種工況運行
A.若(ruo)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)輸(shu)入(ru)功(gong)率(lv)大(da)於(yu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)額(e)定(ding)功(gong)率(lv),則(ze)應(ying)用(yong)混(hun)合(he)牽(qian)引(yin)模(mo)式(shi)。燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)運(yun)行(xing)在(zai)其(qi)額(e)定(ding)功(gong)率(lv)狀(zhuang)態(tai),而(er)剩(sheng)餘(yu)的(de)功(gong)率(lv)需(xu)求(qiu)由(you)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying);B. 若(ruo)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)輸(shu)入(ru)功(gong)率(lv)小(xiao)於(yu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)預(yu)設(she)的(de)最(zui)小(xiao)功(gong)率(lv),且(qie)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)需(xu)要(yao)充(chong)電(dian),則(ze)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)以(yi)額(e)定(ding)功(gong)率(lv)運(yun)行(xing),一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)率(lv)用(yong)於(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)係(xi)統(tong),另(ling)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)率(lv)用(yong)於(yu)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)。若(ruo)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)充(chong)電(dian),則(ze)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)運(yun)行(xing)於(yu)空(kong)載(zai)狀(zhuang)態(tai),由(you)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)單(dan)獨(du)驅(qu)動(dong)車(che)輛(liang);C. 若(ruo)負(fu)載(zai)功(gong)率(lv)大(da)於(yu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)預(yu)設(she)的(de)最(zui)小(xiao)功(gong)率(lv),並(bing)小(xiao)於(yu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)額(e)定(ding)功(gong)率(lv),同(tong)時(shi)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)充(chong)電(dian),則(ze)由(you)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)單(dan)獨(du)驅(qu)動(dong)車(che)輛(liang)。若(ruo)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)需(xu)要(yao)充(chong)電(dian),則(ze)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)係(xi)統(tong)以(yi)額(e)度(du)功(gong)率(lv)運(yun)行(xing),其(qi)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)率(lv)用(yong)於(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)車(che)輛(liang),另(ling)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)功(gong)率(lv)用(yong)於(yu)向(xiang)峰(feng)值(zhi)電(dian)源(yuan)充(chong)電(dian)。