2026-04-11 11:27:22
5342
據fuelcellsworks網站報道,微生物燃料電池(Microbial fuel cells,MFCs)shiyizhongliyongxijundexinchendaixiejiangyoujiwuzhongdehuaxuenengzhuanhuaweidiannengdeyizhongxinjishu。yangjishengwumodetexingshizhijieyingxiangweishengwuranliaodianchixingnengdeguanjianyinsuzhiyi。jinri,deguo拜羅伊特大學研究人員成功開發出了一種新型的人造生物膜,該生物膜應用於微生物燃料電池,使得MFC性能大幅提升。該項研究成果日前已以“Electrogenic single-species biocomposites as anodes for microbial fuel cells”為題公開發表在了《Macromolecular Bioscience》期刊上(doi: 10.1002/mabi.201600442)。

微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)細(xi)菌(jun)以(yi)乳(ru)酸(suan)等(deng)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)為(wei)原(yuan)料(liao),在(zai)細(xi)菌(jun)新(xin)陳(chen)代(dai)謝(xie)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)陽(yang)極(ji)附(fu)著(zhe)的(de)細(xi)菌(jun)通(tong)過(guo)氧(yang)化(hua)乳(ru)酸(suan),連(lian)續(xu)不(bu)斷(duan)地(di)產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)子(zi),在(zai)陽(yang)極(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)電(dian)子(zi)通(tong)過(guo)外(wai)電(dian)路(lu)被(bei)轉(zhuan)移(yi)到(dao)陰(yin)極(ji)側(ce),電(dian)子(zi)的(de)定(ding)向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)電(dian)流(liu)。微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)通(tong)過(guo)這(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)能(neng)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),陽(yang)極(ji)的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)麵(mian)通(tong)常(chang)被(bei)細(xi)菌(jun)附(fu)著(zhe),並(bing)且(qie)附(fu)著(zhe)的(de)細(xi)菌(jun)逐(zhu)漸(jian)繁(fan)殖(zhi),最(zui)終(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)層(ceng)天(tian)然(ran)的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)膜(mo)。這(zhe)種(zhong)天(tian)然(ran)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)膜(mo),本(ben)質(zhi)上(shang)是(shi)一(yi)層(ceng)含(han)有(you)單(dan)一(yi)類(lei)型(xing)細(xi)菌(jun)的(de)微(wei)小(xiao)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)纖(xian)維(wei)網(wang)絡(luo)。
近jin期qi拜bai羅luo伊yi特te大da學xue研yan究jiu人ren員yuan開kai發fa的de人ren造zao生sheng物wu膜mo,與yu細xi菌jun自zi然ran繁fan殖zhi形xing成cheng的de生sheng物wu膜mo具ju有you同tong樣yang的de效xiao果guo,但dan這zhe種zhong人ren造zao膜mo的de合he成cheng采cai用yong的de是shi生sheng物wu複fu合he材cai料liao,其qi中zhong天tian然ran粘zhan液ye由you合he成cheng水shui凝ning膠jiao基ji質zhi代dai替ti。這zhe就jiu使shi得de在zai高gao度du控kong製zhi生sheng物wu複fu合he材cai料liao的de組zu成cheng和he材cai料liao性xing質zhi的de同tong時shi,不bu喪sang失shi天tian然ran生sheng物wu膜mo的de優you點dian。開kai發fa的de新xin型xing人ren造zao生sheng物wu膜mo其qi性xing能neng更geng穩wen定ding,其qi上shang僅jin含han有you一yi種zhong類lei型xing的de細xi菌jun,即ji奧ao奈nai達da希xi瓦wa氏shi菌jun(Shewanella oneidensis)。該生物膜應用於MFC,電池產生的功率可達到采用天然生物膜時功率的2倍多。
weilezhibeichuzhezhongrenzaoshengwumo,shouxianyaojiangshengwutixuanfuzaisuoxudehechengshuiningjiaozhong,ranhoutongguoshifanghejingdianfangsilaishengchanxianweihefeizhizaoshabu,zuihoushengwufuhecailiaotongguoPPX塗層來防水。
該項微生物燃料電池生物膜的開發研究由拜羅伊特大學Ruth Freitag教授和Andreas Greiner教授領銜,研究得到了德國巴伐利亞州環境與消費者保護部的基金支持。