2026-04-12 00:07:55
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這項研究的共同作者、斯坦福大學副教授崔毅(音譯)說:“這種使用單一催化劑的低壓分離器,可連續工作200多小時分解水產生氫和氧,這是一個創世界紀錄的性能。”
qingqishiyizhongwupaifangdeqingjienengyuan,danshixuyaotongguotianranqidaguimozhiqu,ertianranqizhezhonghuashiranliaohuidaozhiquanqiubiannuan。kexuejiayizhishitukaifayizhongcongshuizhongtiquchunqingdelianjiafangshi。
傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)水(shui)裂(lie)解(jie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)兩(liang)個(ge)電(dian)極(ji)浸(jin)沒(mei)於(yu)水(shui)性(xing)電(dian)解(jie)質(zhi)。目(mu)前(qian)低(di)壓(ya)電(dian)流(liu)應(ying)用(yong)於(yu)電(dian)極(ji)催(cui)化(hua)水(shui)分(fen)子(zi)分(fen)離(li),一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)極(ji)釋(shi)放(fang)氫(qing)氣(qi),另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)極(ji)釋(shi)放(fang)氧(yang)氣(qi)。每(mei)個(ge)電(dian)極(ji)用(yong)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)催(cui)化(hua)劑(ji),通(tong)常(chang)是(shi)鉑(bo)和(he)銥(yi)這(zhe)兩(liang)種(zhong)稀(xi)有(you)且(qie)昂(ang)貴(gui)的(de)金(jin)屬(shu)。
2014年,斯坦福大學化學家戴宏傑(音譯)開發出一種由一節普通的1.5fudianchiyunxing,youniehetiezhichengdefenjieshuidelianjiafenliqi。xinyanjiujiangcijishujinyibutuijin。yanjiurenyuanbiaoshi,xinxingshuifenliqidedutexingzaiyu,lianggedianjishiyongtongyizhongcuihuajijiyanghuanie—鐵。這種雙功能催化劑可以連續分解水超過一周,隻需1.5伏穩定電壓,在室溫下將水分離效率推高到82%。
juwulixuejiazuzhiwangbaodao,yanjiurenyuanshiyonglilizidianchijishuzhaodaolezhegenengtongshiqudongliangjidedichengbencuihuaji。weilezhaodaoshihelianggedianjidecuihuacailiao,tamenjieyongzaidianchiyanjiuzhongbeichengweiyoulijishuyindaodedianhuaxuetiaozheng,yihuaxuefangshijiangjinshuyanghuawucuihuajibianchengxiaokeli,shidecuihuajijuyoulegenghaodedaodianxinghewendingxing。
在常規水分離器裏,氫和氧的催化劑往往需要不同pH值的電解質,為了分解水,需要分開兩個電解質,這樣會增加裝置的成本。而現在使用同種催化劑的水分離器可用統一的pH值電解液高效運行。催化劑氧化鎳—鐵既便宜又易生產,還比貴金屬催化劑更穩定。